Hydraulic drilling jar



June 23?, 1942. M H WOLFF 2,287,157

HYDRAULIC DRILLING JARA Filed June 9, 1941 MAMO/y /1 W02 FF,

Patented June 23, 1942 UNITED STATES PATENT oFFIcE I 2,287,151

HYDRAULIC DamL'NG .ma

Mahlon H. Wolfi', Los Angeles, Application June 9, 1941, Serial No. A397,239 A I sciaims. (ci. ass-av) This invention-relates to hydraulic drilling jars of the type -fwherein is incorporated a bit for cuttin'g or chipping formation and a jarring device, hydraulically operated, to maintain constant blows upon the head of the bit, to the end that freezing of the bit during a. drilling operation is prevented.

The invention also contemplates in a device,

a construction wherein jarring action may be.

stopped and drilling proceeded with, or both jarring and drilling stopped, fluid being allowed to circulate to the bottom 'of the drill'to prevent freezing thereof in a well hole.'

The inventor is aware that certain prior'inlventors have developed hydraulic drilling jars. However, this invention is thought to be novel in that the jarring means is under the direct control of the operator ofthe tool from the surface of the well hole. The operator may stop all jarring action against the bit, allow the entire tool to-fioat while circulating mud, or actually drill without jarring action. `1

The invention incorporates novel constructions which are so related' as to assure against breakage under normal working conditions.

' An object of the invention is the provision of a hydraulic rotary jar'` wherein jarring actionis.

not dependent upon rotation of the drill pipe.

Another object is the provision in a device of the character stated of means whereby hammerling or jarring action may be effectively controlled as tov impact.

Another object is the provision in adevice of the character stated which permits proper mud balancing in that free rotation of the drill pipe is permitted.

Another object is the provision of a device so constructed and arranged as to permit washing over. This is a point of great importance in the well drilling art. Y

Another object is theprovision of a device constructed and arranged to allow rapid drilling in any formation.

Another object is the provision of a device wherein fishing jobs are reduced to a minimu due to the fact that the device has no projections or mechanism on the outer surface thereof.

Another object is the provision of a novel locking device, whereby when the bit is off the formation at the bottom of the hole, free rotation of the drill pipe may be effected. Y

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent tol those familiar with the art to which this invention appertains.

The invention is simple in construction, inexpensive in cost of manufacture, and generally superior to devices now known to the inventor.

With the above mentioned and other objects in view, the invention ,consists in the novel and useful provision, formation, construction, association, andl relative arrangement of parts, members and features, all as shown in a certain embodiment in the vaccompanying drawing, described generally, and more particularly pointed youtl in the claims.

In the drawing:

Figure 1 is a transverse vertical sectional view of a tool incorporating the invention,

Figure 2 is a sectional view on the line 2-2 oI Figure l, and on an enlarged scalev from said iigure,

Figure 3 is an'enlarged sectional line 3-3 0f`Figure l. and,

`Figure 4 is a plan view partly in section of the hammer member of the invention.

, Referring now with particularity to the drawing, the improved hydraulic drilling jar is desig- 'view on the lnated as an entirety byAV the numeral I, and

wherein 2 is a tubular body internally threaded adjacent ends thereof at 3 and 4, the threads 3 recelvingthe threaded end of a sub 5, the sub provided withv the usual taper threaded pin 6,

whereby the same may be secured to drill pipe. vOne member 'I o f a clutch is screw-threaded for engagement with the lthreads 4. 'I'he other member Il of the clutch is adapted to be secured by welding or otherwise, as indicated at 9, to the shank I'Il ofa bit I I. This clutch member is constructed as illustrated in Figure 3, wherein the two partsare shown, and each part isprovided with a half round portion providing diametrically disposed shoulders I2 and I3. These shoulders under certain conditions of operation of the invention co-engage so that rotation of the. body 2 of the device produces rotation of the bit II. Within the body and above the clutch member 1 is an anvil I4 provided with a shank I5, the shank terminating in a threaded portion I6 for reception within the threaded box I1 of the shank I0 of the bit II. The anvil and its shank are provided with a longitudinal bore I8 and the bit is provided with a central bore I9 communicating with the bore I8. Transverse passageways 20 in the bit communicate with the central bore thereof in the well understood manner.

Situated above the anvil is a hammer 2I provided with an elongated shaft 22, arounda portion of whichis a spiral helical thread 23. `A portion of the shaft is received within a central opening 2d of the s'ub 5. Interposed in the body 2, secured thereto, between the end of the sub 5 'and the commencement of the spiral thread 23 are two cam members 25 and 26. The cam members are slightly spaced apart, as shown at 2l, to provide a way therebetween. Diametrically carried by the shaft 22 is a bar 28. This bar is adapted to ride upon the cam edge and to raise and lower the shaft 22 -to allow impact between the hammer 2| and the anvil I'l. AThe sub 5 is provided with one or more circulation bores 29 and a central bore 30 communicating with vthe circulation bores 28. The hammer 2| is provided with a central circulation bore 3| and angularly disposed bores 32 communicating above the hammerVA around the shaft 22 and with said central bore tif The hammer 2| may be provided with dished or concaved sides 33 to permit mud-laden fluid to pass beyond the same more readily (see Figure 4) The operation, uses and advantages of the invention just described, are as follows:

If we assume that the tool depicted in Figure l is secured to drill pipe, circulation may be maintained through the pipe and the drilling jar, as is obvious. When the tool Y is in the position shown in Figure 1, the 'bit is engaging the formation, and as the drill pipe is rotated,I the body 2 is being rotated. which will produce rotation of the bit due to the clutch arrangement 'l and 8. The mud-laden fluid will rotate the shaft 22, causing the bar 28 to travel 4on the cam surface of the two cams and producing a jarring impact,

, atleach rise and fall. of the shaft, between the This striking force is 1 hammer and the anvil. regulated by the pressure of the mud and may be rapid or slow.

Ii' it is desired to stop the jarring action, the driller may pull upwardly upon the drill pipe, which will lift the body 2 upwardly and cause the clutch elements to disengage, the anvil head then resting upon the inner end of the clutch member 1.' Thus, the body may continue to be rotated without the bit necessarily rotating action thereof.

1r it is desired te stop rotation .of the shaft,

this is accomplished upon raising the drill pipe 'to lift the body 2 upwardly, the bar 28 being received within, the'ways 2l between the two cams, thus locking the shaft against rotation. Circulation may continue as before', however. The bar 28 is pfsufcient depth to the end that it will never( become disengaged from between the two cams and the lengths of the different parts within the body are so proportioned that none of the parts will separate sufllciently to prevent re-establishment of their function. For inaasmsv i body provided at one end with ar top sub for connection with drill pipe, a bottom sub for the Jopposite end of said body provided with a jaw forming one member` of a) clutch, an anvil within `said body provided with a shank extendingy through said bottom sub, abit secured to said anvil shank, a jaw secured to said bit and forming a second member of said clutch, a hammer within the body, a shaft secured to said hammer and extending axially of the -.body, the said top sub being bored to receive one end of said shaft, a spiral helical thread surrounding said shaft, a transverse member secured to the shaft, and a cam to be engaged by said transverse member to raise and drop said 'shaft during rotation thereof to permit impact between hammer and anvil to cause a jarring action upon the bit, said shaft being rotated by fluid impacty against said spiral helical thread. and said bit being rotated by bodily rotation of said body.

3. A drillingjar adapted to be secured to drill pipe and rotated thereby, including: a tubular body, a sub for one end of said body tol secure the same to drill pipe, a jaw sub forming 'one member of a clutch for the lower end of said body, an anvil within the body provided with a shank passed through the said lower sub, a bit or any jarring stance, when it is desired to commence drilling ,3

again, the drill pipe may be lowered and the bar 2l will then move from between the two cams so' as to again engage the cam surface to provduce a jarring action between the hammer and and without undue back pressure.

I claim: 4 i 1. Adrilling jar adapted to be secured to drill pipe and rotated thereby, including a tubular body, an anvil within said body. a bit secured to one end of said anvil, -an external separable jaw clutch between the body and said bit, the body when rotating producing rotation of said bit when the clutch is engaged, lifting of the body disengaging said clutch to permit rotation of the e body independent of rotation of the bit, a hammer within the body, and means for producing impact between the hammer and the anvil to produce a jarring action on said bit, said means functioning independent of rotation of the b ody.

2. A drilling jar adapted to be secured to drill pipe'and rotated thereby including: af tubular 75- secured to said shank, a second jaw forming the second member of the lclutch carried by thebit, said clutch members being separable to permit rotation of the body independent of the bit, a shaft axially disposed within the body, aiy hammer carried by one end of the shaft adapted to engage the anvil to produce a jarring action upon the bit, fluid. impact means for said shaft for rotating the shaft independent of rotation of the body, a pair of separated cams within the body,

a 'rider for said cams carried by the shaft and adapted toraise anddrop the hammer during rotation of the shaft, the relationship being 'such that a positioning of the rider between the cams prevents rotation of said shaft and stops' impact between the hammer and anvil.

4. A rotary drilling jar including a tubular body, a hammer and an anvil within said body, ashaft for the hammer; a pair of cams forming a way therebetween, secured within the body; a I

rider for engagement with said teams, secured to the shaft; and means on said shaft adapted to rotate said shaft responsive to fluid impact on said means, said shaft when rotated being raised and dropped iby rider contact with said cams to cause impact between rthe hammer and anvil, the rider being received in the way between said cams upon movement of the body in one direction to stop rotation of the shaft. i

5. A drilling jar adapted to be secured to drill pipe, including a body, a hammer and an anvil,

Within the body, a cam, a rider in cam engagement for raising the hammer and allowing the same to drop to cause ,impact with said anvil, and means whereby the rider may be locked againstmovement on said cam.

6. A dirlling jar adapted to be secured to drill pipe and rotated thereby, including a tubular body, a pair of cams spaced apart to provide a Way, a rider, a shaft carrying said ridera hammer for one end of said shaft, and an anvil toy receive the blow of the hammer when the shaft is rotated to cause said riderto raise and drop the shaft by its cam engagement, said rider when positioned .in said way locking the hammer against movement.

" MAHLON H. WOLFF. 

